References.

Related Books

Ballard, D, and C Brown, "Computer Vision," (1982).
Dougherty, E R, Mathematical Morphology in Image Processing, Marcel Dekker, 1993) .
Foley, J D, et al., Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice, (Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley 1990), ISBN 0-201-12110-7. [General decription of volume rendering, algorithms, voxels]
Gonzalez, R and Woods, R, "Digital Image Processing", Addison-Wesley, 1992, ISBN 0-201-50803-6. [Good, up-to-date, and easy to read.]
Green, S, Parallel Processing for Computer Graphics, (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1991) .
Hartlick, R & Linda Shapiro, "Computer and Robot Vision", Vol. 1, Addison Wesley, 1992.
Jain, A K, Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1989) . [More comprehensive, but more difficult to read; a good reference.]
Lenz, R., Lecture Notes in Computer Science- Group Theoretical Methods in Image Processing, (Heidelberg, Berlin, New York: Springer Verlag, 1990).
Lussier, K, "POWER-3D: High Speed 3D Graphics in Windows 95/NT" , (ISBN 0138412146, Manning Publications , 1997).
Marr, D, and E Hildreth, "Theory of edge detection," (London: 1980), 182.
Marr, D, Vision, (New York, NY: W H Freeman, Inc, 1982) .
Parker, JA, Image Reconstruction in Radiology, CRC Press, 1990.
Pratt, W, Digital Image Processing, (New York: Wiley, 1978) . [A classic image processing text, recommended]
Russ, J C, Image Processing Handbook, (Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1992) .
Toga, A, "Three-dimensional reconstruction," Three-Dimensional Neuroimaging, (New York, NY: Raven Press, 1990) .

Reconstruction Papers/Chapters

Allen, B A, and C Levinthal, "Semi-automated nerve tracing: effective three-dimensional reconstruction from serial section micrographs," Three-Dimensional Neuroimaging, (New York: Raven Press, 1990) .
Besl, P. J., "A method for registration of 3-D shapes," IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 14 (1992): 239-55.
Beucher, and F., and S. Meyer, "The morphological approach to segmentation: the Watershed transformation," In: Dougherty E, ed. Mathematical Morphology in Image Processing. Inc: Marcel Dekker 1993 (1993).
Brown, L. G., "A survey of Image Registration Techniques", ACM Computing Surveys 1992 pp 325-376
Carlsson, K., P. Danielsson, R. Lenz, A. Liljenborg, L. Majlof, and N. Aslund, "Three-dimensional Microscopy using a Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope", Optics Letters 10 (1985).
Cohen, L D, and I Cohen, "Deformable models for 3D medical images using finite elements and balloons," IEEE Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (1992).
Dealere D, Smets C, Suetens P, Marchal G, Van de werf F. "A knowledge-based system for the 3D reconstruction of blood vessels from two angiographic projections." J med Biomed Eng Comp 1991; 29:27-36.
Delcker A, Diener HC: Quantification of atherosclerotic plaques in carotid arteries by three-dimensional ultrasound. The British Journal of Radiology, 1994, 67, 672-678.
Drushel, R F, "Survey of methods for 3-dimensional reconstruction: 1991-1993," (comp.graphics.visualization: Usenet, 1993) .
Flusser, J., "An adaptive method for image registration," Pattern Recognition 25 (1992): 45-54.
Fuchs, H., Kedem, Z. M., Uselton, S. P., ``Optimal surface reconstruction from planar contours,'' Comm. ACM 20,10 (October 1977).
Geiger, B., "Three-dimensional modeling of human organs and its application to diagnosis and surgical planning.", Technical Report 2105, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et Automatique, (France), Dec 1993.
Goshtasby, A., "Registration of images with geometric distortions," IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 26 (1988): 60-4.
Hibbard, L. S., and R. A. Hawkins, "Objective image alignment for three-dimensional reconstruction of digital autoradiogram," Journal of Neuroscience Methods 26 (1988): 55-74.
Hibbard, L. S., et al., "Computed alignment of dissimilar images for three-dimensional reconstructions," Journal of Neuroscience Methods 41 (1992): 133-52.
Hibbard, L S, et al., "Computed three-dimensional reconstruction of median eminence capillary modules," Journal of Microscopy (1992).
Huijsmans, D. P., et al., "Toward computerized morphometric facilities: A review of 58 software packages for computer-aided three- dimensional reconstruction, quantification, and picture generation from parallel serial sections," The Anatomical Record 216 (1986): 449-70.
Jawerth, B, and W Sweldens, "An overview of wavelet-based multiresolution analyses," in press, 1993) .
Kinnamon, J C, S J Young, and T J Sherman, "3DEd, Recon. and Show.," (Laboratory for High Voltage Electron Microscopy. University of Colorado, Boulder.: 1986) .
Kropf, N, I Sobel, and C Levinthal, Serial Section Reconstruction Using CARTOS. The Microcomputer in Cell and Neurobiology Research, (New York: Elsevier, 1985) .
Kropf, N., I. Sobel, and C. Levinthal, "Serial section reconstruction using CARTOS," Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics 14 (1985): 319-29.
Levinthal, C, and R Ware, "Three dimensional reconstruction from serial sections," Nature 236 (1972).
Lenz, R, P. Danielsson S. Cronstrom, B Gudmundsson and P. Edholm, "Presentation and Perception of 3D-images," Proc. of the 7th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, Montreal (1984).
Lenz, R., B. Gudmundsson, B. Lindskog and P. Danielsson, "Display of Density Volumes," CGA 6(7): 20-29 (1986).
Lenz, R., "3-D Reconstruction with a Projection onto Convex Sets Algorithm," Optics Communications 57(1) (1986).
Lenz, R., "Reconstruction, Processing and Display of 3D-Images," Thesis- Linkoping University, Sweden, ISBN 91-7870-111-2, ISSN 0345-7524 (1986).
Merkle, R.C., "Large Scale Analysis of Neural Structures", Xerox PARC technical report CSL-89-10 November 1989, [P89-00173].
Montgomery, K, "Automated Reconstruction of Neural Elements from Transmission Electron Microscope Images". Dissertation, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, March 1996.
Montgomery, K. Ross, MD, "Non-fiducial, shape-based registration of biological tissue". 3D Microscopy: Image Acquisition and Processing III, SPIE Electronic Imaging, San Jose, CA, February 1996.
Montgomery, K, and M D Ross, "Improvements in semiautomated serial section reconstruction and visualization of neural tissue from TEM images," (San Jose, CA: SPIE, 1994),
Montgomery, K, and M D Ross, "A method for semiautomated serial section reconstruction and visualization of neural tissue from TEM images," (San Jose, CA: SPIE, 1993), 69.
Peachey, L D, "The extraction of three-dimensional information from stereo micrographs of thick sections using computer graphics methods," Annals of New York Academy of Sciences 483 (1983).
Peachey, L. D., and J. P. Heath, "Reconstruction from stereo and multiple tilt electron microscope images of thick sections of embedded biological specimens using computer graphics methods," Journal of Microscopy 153 (1989): 193-204.
Prothero, J., and J. Prothero, "Three-dimensional reconstruction from serial sections. I. A portable microcomputer-based software package in Fortran," Computers and Biomedical Research 15 (1982): 598-604.
Prothero, J. S., et al., "Three-dimensional reconstructions from serial sections III: Autoscan, a software package in FORTRAN for semiautomated photomicrography," Computers and Biomedical Research 18 (1985): 132-6.
Prothero, J. S., and J. W. Prothero, "Three-dimensional reconstruction from serial sections. IV. The reassembly problem," Computers and Biomedical Research 19 (1986): 361-73.
Resnikoff, H L, "A guide to wavelets and their application," (San Jose, CA: SPIE, 1992),
Ross, M D, et al., "Computer-assisted three-dimensional reconstruction and simulations of vestibular macular neural connectivities," Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 656 (1992): 75-91.
Ross, M, et al., "Computer-assisted 3-D reconstruction, Monte Carlo simulation of wiring, and symbolic modeling of vestibular maculas," (Tokyo, Japan: 1990),
Ross, M D, et al., "High Performance Computing Applications in Neurobiological Research," (San Diego, CA: Society for Computer Simulation, 1994), 120-125.
Savchenko V.V., Pasko A.A., Okunev O.G., Kunii T.L. "Function representation of solids reconstructed from scattered surface points and contours", Computer Graphics Forum, vol.14, No.4, 1995, pp.181-188.
Seger, O., "Model building and restoration with applications in confocal microscopy," Thesis- Linkoping University, Sweden, ISBN 91-7871-076-6, ISSN 0345-7524, (1993).
Seger, O., and R. Lenz, "Modeling of the point spread function of laser scanning microscopes using canonical transforms," Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation 3(4): 364-380, (1992).
Siegel, J, "Serial reconstruction of inner hair cell afferent innervation using semithick sections," J. of Electron Microscopy Technique 15 (1990): 197-208.
Smith, R. G., "Montage: a system for three-dimensional reconstruction by personal computer," Journal of Neuroscience Methods 21 (1987): 55-69.
Sundsen, J. W., and J. W. Prothero, "Three-dimensional reconstruction from serial sections: A microcomputer-based facility for rapid data collection," The Anatomical Record 207 (1983): 665-71.
Touhy, M., et al., "Computer-assisted three-dimensional reconstruction technology in plant cell image analysis: applications of interactive computer graphics," Journal of Microscopy 147 (1987): 83-8.
Uselton, S. P. "Surface Reconstruction From Limited Information," PhD Dissertation, University of Texas at Dallas, 1981. Available from UMI.
Uselton, S. P., "Automatic Creation of 3-D Surface Descriptions from Sensed Data," Sixteenth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, January 1983. (Selected for publication in the Journal of Medical Systems as one of the best papers of the 16th HICSS).
Uselton, S. P., ``Automatic creation of three-dimensional surface descriptions from sensed data,'' Journal of Medical Systems, Vol. 7, No. 5, 1983.
Uselton, S. P., "A Survey of Surface Reconstruction Techniques," Fourth Annual Conference of National Computer Graphics Association, June 1983.
Weinhaus, F, "Edge-extraction based image correlation," (San Jose, CA: SPIE, 1979),
Young, S. J., et al., "Three-dimensional reconstructions from serial micrographs using the IBM PC," Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 6 (1987): 207-17.

CT/MRI Papers/Chapters

Ali-Q-M, Ulrich-C, Becker-H. Three-dimensional CT of the middle ear and adjacent structures. Neuroradiology 1993, VOL: 35 (3), P: 238-41, ISSN: 0028-3940.
Altman NR, Altman DH, Wolfe SA, Morrison G. Three-dimensional CT reformation in children. AJR 1986; 146: 1261-1267.
Amirav, I., S.S. Kramer, M.M. Grunstein, and E.A. Hoffman: Assessment of methacholine-induced airway constriction by ultrafast high-resolution computed tomography. Journal of Applied Physiology 75(5):2239-2250, 1993.
Aoki-S, Sasaki-Y, Machida-T, Ohkubo-T, Minami-M, Sasaki-Y. Cerebral aneurysms: detection and delineation using 3-D-CT angiography. AJNR-Am-J-Neuroradiol 1992 Jul-Aug, VOL: 13 (4), P: 1115-20, ISSN: 0195-6108.
Bautz W, Strozer M, Lenz M, Dittler HJ, Kalender WA. Preoperative evaluation of the vessels of the upper abdomen with spiral CT: comparison with conventional CT and arterial DSA (abstr). Radiology 1991; 181(P): 261.
Bentley, M.D., E.A. Hoffman, M.J. Fiksen-Olsen, F.G. Knox, E.L. Ritman, and J.C. Romero: Three-dimensional canine renovascular structure and circulation visualized in situ with the Dynamic Spatial Reconstructor. American Journal of Anatomy 181: 77-88, 1988.
Brink-J-A, Heiken-J-P, Balfe-D-M, Sagel-S-S, DiCroce-J, Vannier-M-W. Spiral CT: decreased spatial resolution in vivo due to broadening of section-sensitivity profile. Radiology 1992 Nov, VOL: 185 (2), P: 469-74, ISSN: 0033-8419.
Brink JA, Vannier MW, Heiken JP, Kalender WA, Yoffie RL, Brunsden BS. Abdominal spiral CT: effect of interpolation algorithm, collimation, and zoom on effective section thickness and noise (abstr). Radiology 1992; 185(P):126.
Burk DL, Mears DC, Kennedy WH, Cooperstein LA, Herbert DL. Three-dimensional computed tomography of acetabular fractures. Radiology 1985; 155:183-186.
Castillo M. Diagnosis of disease of the common carotid artery bifurcation: CT angiography vs catheter angiography. AJR: 1993; 161:395-398.
Cline HE, Lorensen WE, Souza SP et al. 3D surface rendered MR images of the brain and its vasculature. Journal of computed asssisted tomography 1991; 15(2):344-351.
Dillon-E-H, van-Leeuwen-M-S, Fernandez-M-A, Mali-W-P. Spiral CT angiography. AJR-Am-J-Roentgenol 1993 Jun, VOL: 160 (6), P: 1273-8, ISSN: 0361-803X.
Dillon EH, Leeuwen MS, Fernandez MA, Eikelboom BC, Mali WP. CT angiography: application to the evaluation of carotid artery stenosis. Radiology 1993; 189:211-219.
Fishman EK, Magid D, Ney DR, Kuhlman JE. Three-dimensional CT imaging in orthopedics: state of the art 1988. Orthopedics 1988; 2:1021-1026.
Fishman EK, Ney DR, Kuhlman JE, Cameron JL, Savader MD. Multidimensional display of spiral CT data: evaluation of the pancreas (abstr). Radiology 1991; 181(P):259-260.
Fishman EK, Drebin B, Magid D, Scott WW, Ney DR, Brooker AF, Riley LH, Ville JA, Zerhouni EA, Siegelman SS. Volumetric rendering techniques: applications for three-dimensional imaging of the hip. Radiology 1987; 163:737-738.
Fishman EK, Magid D, Ney DR, Drebin RA, Kuhlman JE. Three-dimensional imaging and display of musculoskeletal anatomy. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1988; 12:465-467.
Fishman-E-K, Magid-D, Ney-D-R, Chaney-E-L, Pizer-S-M, Rosenman-J-G, Levin-D-N, Vannier-M-W, Kuhlman-J-E, Robertson-D-D. Three-dimensional imaging (published erratum appears in Radiology 1992 Mar; 182(3):899). Radiology 1991 Nov, VOL: 181 (2), P: 321-37, ISSN: 0033-8419 89 Refs.
Fogel, M.A., P.M. Weinberg, K.E. Fellows, and E.A. Hoffman: Magnetic resonance imaging of constant total heart volume and center of mass in patients with functional single ventricle before and after staged fontan procedure. American Journal of Cardiology 72(18): 1435-1443, 1993.
Galanski M, Prokop M, Chavan A, Schaefer CM, Jandeleit K, Nischelsky JE. Renal arterial stenoses: spiral CT angiography. Radiology 1993; 189:185-192.
Gerber-J-D, Ney-D-R, Magid-D, Fishman-E-K. Simulated femoral repositioning with three-dimensional CT. J-Comput-Assist-Tomogr 1991 Jan-Feb, VOL: 15 (1), P: 121-5, ISSN: 0363-8715.
Gillespie JE, Adams JE, Isherwood I. Three-dimensional computed tomographic reformations of sellar and para-sellar lesions. Neuroradiology 1987; 29:30-35.
Gillespie JE, Isherwood I, Barker GR, Quayle AA. Three-dimensional reformations of computed tomography in the assesment of facial trauma. Clin Radiol 1987; 38:523-526.
Gillespie JE, Quayle AA, Barker G, Isherwood I. Three-dimensional CT reformations in the assesment of congenital and traumatic craniofacial deformities. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1987; 25:171-177.
Hatabu, H.,W.B. Gefter, J. Listerud, E.A. Hoffman, L. Axel, J.C. McGowan, III, H.I. Palevsky, C.E. Hayes, J. Konishi, and H.Y. Kressel: Pulmonary MR angiography utilizing phased-array surface-coils: preliminary results. Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography, 16(3):410-417, 1992.
Hemmy DC, David DJ, Herman GT. Three-dimensional reconstruction of craniofacial deformity using computed tomography. Neurosurgery 1983; 13:534-541.
Hemmy, Tessier PL. CT of dry skulls with craniofacial deformities: Accuracy of three-dimensional reconstruction. Radiology, 157(1):113-116, 1985.
Herman, G.T., and E.A. Hoffman: Three-Dimensional Cardiac Display and Analysis. Internal Medicine pp 55-71, March, 1990.
Hoffman, E.A.: Effect of body orientation on regional lung expansion: A computed tomographic approach. Journal of Applied Physiology 59 (2) 468-480, 1985.
Hoffman, E.A.: An Historic Perspective of Heart and Lung Imaging; In: J.K. Udupa and G.T. Herman: 3-D Imaging in Medicine: CRC Press, Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, MI 285-311, 1991.
Hoffman, E.A: Constancy of Total Heart Volume: An Imaging Approach to Cardiac Mechanics; In: Sideman, S. and R. Beyar: Imaging, Measurements and Analysis of the Heart: Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, 3-19, 1991.
Hoffman, E.A.: Interactions: The integrated functioning of heart and lungs. In: Interactive Phenomena in the Cardiac System (S. Sideman and R. Beyer, eds.) Plenum Publishing Corp. New York, NY pp. 347-364, 1993.
Hoffman, E.A.: Non-invasive three-dimensional medical imaging: A bright future for the integrative approach to cardiopulmonary physiology. Respiratory Care 31: 913-926, 1986.
Hoffman, E.A., R.S. Acharya, and J.A. Wollins: Computer-aided analysis of regional lung air content using three-dimensional computed tomographic images and multinomial models. International Journal of Mathematical Modeling 7 (5-8): 1099-1116, 1986.
Hoffman, E.A., and W.B. Gefter: Multimodality Imaging of the Upper Airway: MRI, MR Spectroscopy, and ultrafast x-ray CT. In: P. Suratt and J.E. Remmers: Sleep and Respiration. New York, Alan R. Liss, Inc. pp 291-301, 1989.
Hoffman, E.A. W B. Gefter and J. Venegas: Frontier Pulmonary Imaging. In: A.P. Fishman: Update: Pulmonary Diseases and Disorders, Second Edition McGraw-Hill, Inc., 323-340, 1992.
Hoffman, E.A., D. Gnanaprakasam, K.B. Gupta, J.D. Hoford, S.D. Kugelmass, and R.S. Kulawiec: VIDA: An environment for multidimensional image display and analysis. SPIE Proceedings, 1660: 694-711, 1992.
Hoffman, E.A., and P.B. Heffernan: A computer graphics-aided 3-D analysis of heart/lung interaction reconstructed via DSR scanning. Proceedings of Computer Graphics'85 III: 81-92, 1985.
Hoffman, E.A., and P.B. Heffernan: Investigation of the intrathoracic determinants of cardiac geometry aided by an improved interactive approach to the manipulation of surfaces. Computer Graphics'86 (NCGA) III: 151-161, 1986.
Hoffman, E.A. and J.D. Hoford: Tool box-based cardiac volumes: visualization and quantitation by computed tomography. American Journal of Cardiac Imaging 7(3): 164-178, 1993.
Hoffman, E.A., and E.L. Ritman: Effect of body orientation on regional lung expansion in dog and sloth. Journal of Applied Physiology 59 (2) 481-491, 1985.
Hoffman, E.A., and E.L. Ritman: Invariant total heart volume in the intact thorax. American Journal of Physiology: Heart and Circulatory Physiology 249 (18): H883-H890, 1985.
Hoffman, E.A., and E.L. Ritman: Shape and dimensions of cardiac chambers via computed tomography: Role of imaged slice thickness and orientation. Radiology 155 (3): 739-744, 1985.
Hoffman, E.A., L.J. Sinak, R.A. Robb, and E.L. Ritman: Non-invasive quantitative imaging of shape and volume of lungs. Journal of Applied Physiology: 54 (5): 1414-1421, 1983.
Horrocks JA, Speller RD. Short communication: Helical computed tomography: where is the cut? The British Journal of Radiology 1994; 67:107-111.
Howard JD, Elster AD, may JS. Temporal bone: three-dimensional CT. I. Normal anatomy, techniques and limitations. Radiology 1990; 177:421-425.
Iwasaki, T., L.J. Sinak, E.A. Hoffman, R.A. Robb, L.D. Harris, R.C. Bahn, and E.L. Ritman: Mass of left ventricular myocardium estimated with the Dynamic Spatial Reconstructor. American Journal of Physiology: Heart and Circulatory Physiology 15 (1): H138-H142, (January) 1984.
Kalender WA, Seissler W, Klotz E et al. Spiral volumetric CT with single-breath-hold technique, continuous transport, and continuous scanner rotation. Radiology 1990; 176:181-183.
Krayer, S., K. Rehder, K.C. Beck, P.D. Cameron, E.P. Didier, and E.A. Hoffman: Quantification of thoracic volumes by three-dimensional imaging. Journal of Applied Physiology 62 (2): 591-598, (February) 1987.
Kuhlman JE, Fishman EK, Ney DR, Magid D. Complex shoulder trauma: three-dimensional CT imaging. Orthopedics 1988; 11:1561-1563.
Kuhlman JE, Fishman EK, Scott WW Jr, Magid D, Siegelman SS. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional evaluation of the painful shoulder. Ortop Rev 1989; 18:1201-1208.
Levy-R-A, Rosenbaum-A-E, Kellman-R-M, Bailey-G-L, Aravapalli-S-R. Assessing whether the plane of section on CT affects accuracy in demonstrating facial fractures in 3-D reconstruction when using a dried skull. AJNR-Am-J-Neuroradiol 1991 Sep-Oct, VOL: 12 (5), P: 861-6, ISSN: 0195-6108.
Liu, Y., E.A. Hoffman, D.J. Hagler, J.B. Seward, P.R. Julsrud, D.D. Mair, and E.L. Ritman: Accuracy of pulmonary vascular dimensions estimated with the Dynamic Spatial Reconstructor. American Journal of Physiologic Imaging 1: 201-207, 1986.
Liu, Y.H., E.A. Hoffman, and E.L. Ritman: Measurement of three-dimensional anatomy and function of pulmonary arteries with high-speed x-ray computed tomography. Investigative Radiology 22: 28-36, (January) 1987.
Magid D, Fishman EK. Imaging musculoskeletal trauma in three dimensions. Radiol Clin North Am 1989; 27:945-956.
Magid-D, Michelson-J-D, Ney-D-R, Fishman-E-K. Adult ankle fractures: comparison of plain films and interactive two-and three-dimensional CT scans. AJR-Am-J-Roentgenol 1990 May, VOL: 154 (5), P: 1017-23, ISSN: 0361-803X.
Marks MP, Napel S, Jordan JE, Enzmann DR. Diagnosis of carotid artery disease: Preliminary experience with maximum-intensity-projection spiral CT angiography. AJR 1993; 160:1267-1271.
Martinez-C-R, Di-Pasquale-T-G, Helfet-D-L, Graham-A-W, Sanders-R-W, Ray-L-D. Evaluation of acetabular fractures with two- and three-dimensional CT. Radiographics 1992 Mar, VOL: 12 (2), P: 227-42, ISSN: 0271-5333 15 Refs.
Masaryk AM, Ross JS, DiCEllo MC et al. 3DFT MR angiography of the carotid bifurcation: Potential and limitations as a screening examination. Radiology 1991; 179;797-804.
Massoud-T-F, Anslow-P, Molyneux-A. Three-dimensional computed tomography of complex craniofacial fractures. Eur-J-Radiol 1991 Nov-Dec, VOL: 13 (3), P: 233-4, ISSN: 0720-048X.
Mayer JS, Wainwright DJ, Yeakley JW, Lee KF, Harris JH Jr, Kulkarni M. The role of three-dimensional computed tomography in the management of maxillofacial trauma. J Trauma 1988; 28:1043-1053.
McCann, H.A., K. Chandrasekaran, E.A. Hoffman, L.J. Sinak, T.M. Kinter, and J.F. Greenleaf: A method for three-dimensional ultrasonic imaging of the heart in vivo. Dynamic Cardiovascular Imaging 1: 97-109, 1987.
Miles KA, Hayball MP, Dixon AK. Functional images of hepatic perfusion obtained with dynamic CT. Radiology 1993; 188::405-411.
Moran CJ, Vannier MW, Ericson KK, et al. Diagnosing extracranial atherosclerotic disease with spiral CT (abstr). Radiology 1991; 181(P):162.
Napel-S, Marks-M-P, Rubin-G-D, Dake-M-D, McDonnell-C-H, Song-S-M, Enzmann-D-R, Jeffrey-R-B-Jr. CT angiography with spiral CT and maximum intensity projection. Radiology 1992 Nov, VOL: 185 (2), P: 607-610, ISSN: 0033-8419.
Ney DR, Fishman EK, Niederhuber JE. Three-dimensional vascular imaging of the liver with spiral CT (abstr). Radiology 1991; 181(P):293.
North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. Beneficial effect of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patienst with high-grade carotid stenosis. N Engl J Med 1991; 325:445-453.
Olson, L.E. and E.A. Hoffman: Lung Volumes and Distribution of Regional Air Content Determined by Cine X-ray CT of Pneumonectomized Rabbits. Journal of Applied Physiology. 76(4):1774-1785, 1994.
Parisi M, Mehdizadeh HM, Hunter JC, Finch IJ. Evaluation of craniosynostosis with three-dimensional CT imaging. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1989; 13:1006-1012.
Polacin A, Kalender WA. Simulation and measurement of image quality in spiral CT with different data processing algorithms (abstr). Radiology 1991; 181(P): 111.
Polacin A, Kalender WA, Marchal G. Evaluation of section sensitivity profiles and image noise in spiral CT. Radiology 1992; 185:29-35.
Pommert A, Bomans M, Riemer M, Tiede U, Hohne KH. 3-D imaging in medicine. Encyclopedia of computer science and technology 1993; Volume 28, Supplement 13:341-370.
A. Pommert, W.-J. Hiltje, N. Holzknecht, U. Tiede, and K. H. Hohne. Accuracy of images and measurements in 3D bone imaging. In H. U. Lemke, M. L. Rhodes, C. C. Jaffe, and R. Felix, editors, Computer Assisted Radiology, Proc. CAR '91, pages 209-215. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1991.
Ray-C-E-Jr, Mafee-M-F, Friedman-M, Tahmoressi-C-N. Applications of three-dimensional CT imaging in head and neck pathology. Radiol-Clin-North-Am 1993 Jan, VOL: 31 (1), P: 181-94, ISSN: 0033-8389.
Ritman, E.L., E.A. Hoffman, T. Iwasaki, R.S. Schwartz, and L.J. Sinak: Quantitative 3-D imaging of the heart: Myocardium and chambers. In: Sideman, S. and R. Beyar: Simulation and Imaging of the Cardiac System. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, The Netherlands, pp. 135-150, 1985.
Robb, R.A., E.A. Hoffman, L.J. Sinak, L.D. Harris, and E.L. Ritman: High-speed three-dimensional x-ray computed tomography: The Dynamic Spatial Reconstructor. Proceedings of the IEEE 71 (3): 308-319, (March) 1983.
Robertson DD, Walker PS, Granholm JW, et al. Design of custom hip stem prostheses using three-dimensional CT modeling. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1987; 11:804-809.
Rubin-G-D, Dake-M-D, Napel-S-A, McDonnell-C-H, Jeffrey-R-B-Jr. Three-dimensional spiral CT angiography of the abdomen: initial clinical experience. Radiology 1993 Jan, VOL: 186 (1), P: 147-52, ISSN: 0033-8419.
Rubin GD, Walker PJ, Dake MD, et al. 3D spiral CT angiography: an alternative imaging modality for the abdominal aorta and its branches. J Vasc Surg 1993; 18:656-666.
Rubin GD, Dake MD, Napel SN, Jeffrey RB Jr, McDonnel CH, Sommer FG, Wexler L, Williams DM. Spiral CT of renal artery stenosis: Comparison of three-dimensional rendering techniques. Radiology 1994; 190:181-189.
Schmid UD, Steiger HJ, Huber P. Accuracy of high resolution computed tomography in direct diagnosis of cerebral aneyrysms. Neuroradiology 1987; 29:152-159.
Schwartz RB, Kendall MJ, Chernoff DM et al: Common carotid artery bifurcation: Evaluation with spiral CT. Radiology 92; 185:513-519.
Schaefer C, Prokop M, Nischelsky J, Reimer P, Bonk K, Galanski M. Vascular imaging with spiral CT. In: Felix R, Langer M, eds. Advances in CT II. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1992;109-115.
Sinak, L.J., E.A. Hoffman, P.R. Julsrud, D.D. Mair, J.B. Seward, D.J. Hagler, L.D. Harris, R.A. Robb, and E.L. Ritman: The Dynamic Spatial Reconstructor: Investigating congenital heart disease in four dimensions. CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology 7: 124-137, 1984.
Sinak, L.J., E.A. Hoffman, R.S. Schwartz, H.C. Smith, D.R. Holmes, Jr., A.A. Bove, R.A. Robb, L.D. Harris, and E.L. Ritman: Three-dimensional cardiac anatomy and function in adult heart disease: Initial results with the Dynamic Spatial Reconstructor. Mayo Clinic Proceedings* 60 (6): 383-392, 1985.
Sinak, L.J., T. Iwasaki, E.A. Hoffman, and E.L. Ritman: Regional myocardial function - evaluation with DSR. In: Sigwart, U. and P. Heintzen: Ventricular Wall Motion - International Symposium, Lausanne. New York, Georg Thieme Verlag, pp 57-62, 1983.
Sinak, L.J., Y.H. Liu, M. Block, D.D. Mair, P.R. Julsrud, E.A. Hoffman, D.J. Hagler, J.B. Seward, and E.L. Ritman: Anatomy and function of the heart and intrathoracic vessels in congenital heart disease: Evaluation with the Dynamic Spatial Reconstructor. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 5 (1): 70S-76S, (January) 1985.
Sonka, M. G. Sundaramoorthy, and E.A. Hoffman: Knowledge-based segmentation of intrathoracic airways from multidimensional high-resolution CT images. SPIE Medical Imaging, Vol 2168 pp. 73-85, 1994.
Soyer-P, Roche-A. Three-dimensional imaging of the liver. Acta-Radiol 1991 Sep, VOL: 32 (5), P: 432-5, ISSN: 0284-1851.
Strong-A-B, Lobregt-S, Zonneveld-F-W. Applications of three-dimensional display techniques in medical imaging. J-Biomed-Eng 1990 May, VOL: 12 (3), P: 233-8, ISSN: 0141-5425.
Suetens P, Bellon E, Vandermeulen D, Smet M, Marchal G, Nuyts J, Mortelmans L. Image segmentation: methods and applications in diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine. Eur-J-Radiol, 17 (1993) 14-21.
Sundaramoorthy, G., W.E. Higgins, J. Hoford, and E.A. Hoffman. Graphical user interface system for automatic 3-D medical image analysis, IEEE Proceedings: Computer-Based Medical Systems, 421-428, 1992.
Sundaramoorthy, E.A. Hoffman, T. Mitsa, J. Qian, and M.Sonka: Knowledge-based intrathoracic airway tree sementation: fractal model and physical phantom based validation. SPIE Medical Imaging .Vol. 2168 pp. 86-97, 1994.
Tajik J.K., S.D. Kugelmass, and E.A. Hoffman: An automated method for relating regional pulmonary structure and function: integration of dynamic multislice CT and thin-slice high-resolution CT. SPIE 1905 : 339-350, 1993.
Tello R, Costello P, Ecker C et al. Spiral CT evaluation of coronary artery bypass graft patency. Journal of computed asssisted tomography 1993; 17(2):253-259.
Tello-R, Scholz-E, Finn-J-P, Costello-P. Subclavian vein thrombosis detected with spiral CT and three-dimensional reconstruction. AJR-Am-J-Roentgenol 1993 Jan, VOL: 160 (1), P: 33-4, ISSN: 0361-803X.
Vahlensieck M, Lang Ph, Chan WP, Grampp S, Genant HK. Three-dimensional reconstruction. Part I: Applications and techniques. Eur Radiol 1992; 2:503-507.
Vahlensieck M, Lang Ph, Chan WP, Grampp S, Genant HK. Three-dimensional reconstruction. Part II: Optimisation of segmentation and rendering of MRI. Eur Radiol 1992; 2:508-510.
M. W. Vannier, C. F. Hildebolt, L. A. Giluga, T. K. Pilgram, F. Mann, B. S. Monsees, W. A. Murphy, W. G. Totty, and C. J. Offutt. Calcaneal and pelvic fractures: Diagnostic evaluation by three-dimensional computed tomography scans. J. Digit. Imag., 4(3):143-152, 1991.
Vannier M, Hildebolt C, Marsh J, et al. Craniosynostosis: Diagnostic value of three-dimensional CT reconstruction. Radiology 1989; 173:669-673.
Vannier MW, Marsh JL, Warren JD. Three-dimensional CT reconstruction images for craniofacial planning and evaluation. Radiology 1984; 150:179-184.
Wespe R, Wallin A, Klaue K, Ganz R, Schneider E. Three-dimensional quantitation of established femoral head necrosis. In: Lemke HU, Rhodes ML, Felix R, Jaffe CC, eds. Computer assisted radiology 1989. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 1989:362-368.
Wolf RL, Richardson DB, LaPlante CC et al. Blood flow imaging through detection of temporal variations in magnetization. Radiology 1992; 185:559-567.
Wood S.A., J.D Hoford, E.A. Hoffman, E. Zerhouni, and W.A. Mitzner: Quantitative 3-D reconstruction of airway and pulmonary vascular trees using HRCT. SPIE 1905: 316-323, 1993.
Wrazidlo-W, Brambs-H-J, Lederer-W, Schneider-S, Geiger-B, Fischer-C. An alternative method of three-dimensional reconstruction from two-dimensional CT and MR data sets. Eur-J-Radiol 1991 Jan-Feb, VOL: 12 (1), P: 11-6, ISSN: 0720-048X.
Zeman RK, Fox SH, Silverman PM, Davros WJ, Carter LM, Griego D, Weltman DI, Asher SM, Cooper CJ. Helical (spiral) CT of the abdomen. AJR 1993; 160:719-725.
Zinreich SJ, Long DM, Davis R, Quinn CB, McAfee PC, Wang H. Three-dimensional CT imaging in postsurgical "failed back" syndrome. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1990; 14:574-580.

Image Restoration/Deconvolution Papers

D. A. Agard. "Optical Sectioning Microscopy", Ann. Rev. Biophys. Bioeng. 13 191-219, (1984)
D. A. Agard, Y. Hiraoka, P. Shaw, and J. W. Sedat, "Fluorescence Microscopy in Three-Dimensions," Methods in Cell Biology, 30:353-377, 1989.
W. A. Carrington, K. E. Fogarty, and F. S. Fay "3D fluorescence imaging of single cells using image restoration" Chapter 3 in Noninvasive techniques in cell biology, J. K. Fosket and S. Grinstein, editors. Wiley-Liss, pp53-72 (1990)
J. A. Conchello. Q. Yu, and J. W. Lichtman "Three-dimensional image reconstruction from partially confocal scanning microscope images" presented at the SPIE 1994 International Symposium on Optics, Imaging, and Instrumentation San Diego, CA, Jul. 1994 code Number 2302-32 (1994)
J.-A. Conchello, J. J. Kim, and E. W. Hansen. "Enhanced 3-D Reconstruction From Confocal Scanning Microscope Images. 2: Depth Discrimination vs Signal-to-Noise Ratio in Partially Confocal Images". Applied Optics, 33(17):3740-3750, 1994.
J. A. Conchello and J. W. Lichtman "Theoretical analysis of a rotating-disk partially confocal scanning microscope" Applied Optics-Optical Technology, Feature Issue on Confocal Microscopy, 33(4) pp585-596 (1994)
J. A. Conchello, and E. W. Hansen "Enhanced 3-D reconstruction from confocal scanning microscope images. 1: Deterministic and maximum likelihood reconstructions," Applied Optics 29(26) pp3795-3804 (1990)
J. A. Conchello "Super-resolution and point spread function sensitivity analysis of the expectation-maximization algorithm for computational optical sectioning microscopy" presented at SPIE 1994 International symposium on Optics, Imaging, and Instrumentation code Number 2302-30 (1994)
A. Erhardt, G. Zinser, D. Komitowski, and J. Bille, "Reconstructing 3-D Light-Microscopic Images by Digital Image Processing," Appl. Opt., 24, 194-200 (1985).
J. A. Fessler "Penalized weighted least-squares image reconstruction for positron emission tomography" IEEE transactions on Medical Imaging, 13(2) pp290-300 (1994)
B. R. Frieden "Image Enhancement and restoration" in Picture Processing and image filtering, Topics in Applied Physics. Vol 6 T. S. Huang, editor pp227-229, (1975)
T. J. Holmes "Expectation-maximization restoration of band limited, truncated point-process intensities with application in microscopy" J. Opt. Soc. Am.-A 6(7) pp1006-1014 (1989)
T. J. Holmes "Blind deconvolution of quantum-limited incoherent imagery". J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 9(7) pp1052-1061 (1992)
T. J. Holmes and Y-H Liu, "Acceleration of maximum-likelihood image restoration for fluorescence microscopy and other noncoherent imagery" J. Opt. Soc. Am.-A 8(6) pp893-907 (1991).
T. J. Holmes, "Maximum-likelihood image restoration adapted for noncoherent optical imaging," Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 5(5): pp666-673, (1988).
S. Joshi and M. I. Miller "Maximum a posteriori Estimation with Good's Roughness for Optical Sectioning Microscopy," Journal of the Optical Society of America A, Feature Issue on Signal Recovery and Synthesis. 10 (5) pp1078-1085 (1993).
F. Macias-Garza, A. C. Bovik, K. R. Diller, S. J. Aggarwal, and J. K. Aggarwal. "Digital Reconstruction of Three-Dimensional Serially Sectioned Optical Images". IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 36(7):1067 - 1075, July 1988.
J. G. McNally, C. Preza, J. A. Conchello, and L. J. Thomas Jr., "Artifacts In Computational Opticalsectioning Microscopy" J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 11(3) pp1056-1067 (1994).
J.G. McNally "Computational optical-sectioning microscopy for 3D quantitation of cell motion: results and challenges". Proc. SPIE Image Reconstruction and Restoration 2302:342-351, (1994).
I. Nemoto. "Three-Dimensional Imaging in Microscopy as an Extension of the Theory of two-Dimensional Imaging". Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 5(11):1848-1851, 1988.
C. Preza, M. I. Miller, L. J. Thomas, Jr., and J. G. McNally "Regularized Linear Method for Reconstruction of Three-Dimensional Microscopic Objects From Optical Sections" J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 9(2), pp219-228, (1992)
C. Preza, M. I. Miller, and J.-A. Conchello "Image reconstruction for 3-D light microscopy with a regularized linear method incorporating a smoothness prior" in Biomedical image processing and biomedical visualization. R. S. Acharya and D. B. Goldgof, Editors Proceedings of the IS&T/SPIE symposium on Electronic Imaging, Science and Technology, pp129-139 (1993)
Sheppard, C. J. R. and X. Q. Mao. "Three-Dimensional Imaging in a Microscope ". Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 6(9):1260-1269, 1989.
Streibl, N.. "Three-Dimensional Imaging by a Microscope". Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 2(2):121-127, 1985.

Active Contours (Snakes/Balloons) Papers

Laurent D. Cohen and Issac Cohen "Finite-Element Methods for Active Contour Models and Balloons for 2-D and 3-D Images", PAMI, 1993, Vol. 15, Num. 11, pp. 1131-1147
Laurent D. Cohen, "Note on Active Contour Models and Balloons", CGVIP: Image Understanding, 1991, Vol. 53, Num. 2, pp. 211-218
Michael Kass, Andrew Witkin and Demetri Terzopolous, "Snakes: Active Contour Models", International Journal of Computer Vision, 1988, Vol. 1, pp. 321-331
Frederic Leymarie and Martin D. Levine, "Tracking Deformable Objects in the Plane Using an Active Contour Model", PAMI, 1993, Vol. 15, Num. 6, pp. 617-634
Eric Maurincomme, Denis Friboulet, Gerard Finet, Isabelle Magnin and Johan H. Reiber, "ADDER: A Snake-Based Segmentation Approach for Intravascular Ultrasound Images", Conference Proc. DICTA-93: Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, Editors: Ka Kit Fung and Athula Ginige, pp. 422-429
Nicolas Rougon and Francoise Preteux, "Deformable Markers: Mathematical Morphology for Active Contour Models Control", SPIE Conf. on Image Algebra and Morphological Image Processing, 1991, Vol. 1568, pp. 78-89
Ramin Samadini, "Adaptive Snakes: control of damping and material parameters," (San Jose, CA: SPIE, 1991), 202-213.

Volume Rendering/Visualization Papers

Argiro, V, "Seeing in volume," Pixel July/August 1990: 35-39.
Booth-KS, Forsey-DR, Paeth. Hardware assistance for Z-buffer visible surface algorithms. IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications. nn:31-39. November 1986.
Brady, R, and C Potter, "A real-time 3-D volume rendering technique on a massively parallel supercomputer," (San Jose, CA: SPIE, 1992),
Chen-LS & Sontag-MR. Representation, display, and manipulation of 3d digital scenes and their medical applications. Computer Vision, Graphics & Image Processing 48:190-216. 1989.
Chin-Purcell, K, "All about BOB," University of Minnesota, 1992.
Coatrieux JL, Barillot C. A survey of 3D display techniques to render medical data. In: Hohne KH, Fuchs H, Pizer SM, eds. 3D imaging in medicine. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1990; 175-195.
Cohen-D, Kaufman-A, Bakalash-R, Bergman-S. Real time discrete shading. The Visual Computer 6:16-27. 1990.
"Matrix Structured Image Processing", by E.R. Dougherty and C. Giardina. Published by Prentice-Hall, 1987. [Heavily biased towards mathematical morphology]
Drebin RA, Carpenter L, Hanrahan P. Volume rendering. ACM Computer Graphics 1988; 22:65-74.
Dyer, S., "An overview of volume visualization software," (Los Angeles, CA: ACM, 1993), 236-58.
Farrell-EJ & Zappulla-RA. Three-dimensional data visualization and biomedical applications. CRC Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering
Frederick-C, Schwartz-EL. Brain peeling: viewing the inside of a laminar three-dimensional solid. The Visual Computer 6:37-49. 1990.
Fredrich, J.T., T-f. Wong, and B. Menendez, "Imaging the Pore Structure of Geomaterials", Science, v. 268: p. 276-279, 1995.
Frieder-G, Gordon-D, Reynolds-RA. Back to front display of voxel based objects. IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications nn:52-60. January 1985.
Fruhauf-M. Volume visualization on workstations: image quality and efficiency of different techniques. Comput. & Graphics 15(1):101-107. 1991.
Galyean-TA & Hughes-JF. Sculpting: an interactive volumetric modeling technique. ACM Computer Graphics 25(4):267-274. 1991.
Geist-D & Vannier-MW. PC-based 3-d reconstruction of medical images. Comput. & Graphics 13(2):135-143. 1989.
Giertsen-C, Halvorsen-A, Flood-PR. Graph-directed modelling from serial sections. The Visual Computer 6:284-290. 1990.
Gordon D, Reynolds RA. Image space shading of 3-dimensional objects. Comput Vision Graph Imaging Proc 1985; 29:361-376.
Hohne KH, Bernstein R. Shading 3D images from CT using grey-level gradients. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 1986; 1:45-47.
Hohne-KH, Bomans-M, Pommert-A, Riemer-M, Schiers-C, Tiede-U, Wiebecke-G. 3-d visualization of tomographic volume data using the generalized voxel model. The Visual Computer 6:28-36. 1990.
Kaufman, Arie. Volume Visualization. Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE Computer Society Press, 1991. ISBN 0-8186-9020-8. [Volume rendering specifics]
Kajiya-J & Von Herzen-BP. Ray tracing volume densities. ACM Siggraph 18(3)165-174. 1984.
Lacroute, Phillipe and Levoy, Mark, "Fast Volume Rendering Using a Shear-Warp Factorization of the Viewing Transformation", Proc. SIGGRAPH '94 (Orlando, Florida, July 24-29, 1994). In Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, 1994, ACM SIGGRAPH, pp. 451-458.
Laur-D & Hanrahan-P. Hierarchical splatting: a progressive refinement algorithm for volume rendering. ACM Computer Graphics 25(4):285-288. 1991.
Levoy, M, "Efficient ray tracing of volumetric data," ACM Transactions on Graphics 9.3 (1990).
Levoy-M. Volume rendering by adaptive refinement. The Visual Computer 6:2-7. 1990.
Levoy M. Display of surfaces from volume data. IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications 1988; 8:29-37.
Lin-WC, Chen-SY & Chen-CT. A new surface interpolation technique for reconstructing 3d objects from serial cross sections. Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing 48:124-143. 1989.
Lorenson-WE & Cline-HE. Marching cubes: a high resolution 3d surface construction algorithm. ACM Computer Graphics 21(4):163-169. 1987.
Ma, K L, et al., "A data-distributed, parallel algorithm for ray-traced volume rendering," (Santa Clara, CA: ACM SIGGRAPH, 1993), 15-22.
Magnusson M, Lenz R, Danielsson PE. Evaluation of methods for shaded surface display of CT volumes. Comput Med Imaging Graph 1991; 15:247-256.
McCormick, B H, T DeFanti, and M Brown, "Visualization in scientific computing," Comput. Graph. .November 21 (1987).
Meagher-D. Geometric modeling using octree encoding. Computer Graphics and Image Processing 19:129-147. 1982.
Meinzer-HP. Meetz-K. Scheppelmann-D, Engelmann-U, Barr-HJ. The Heidelberg ray tracing model. IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications nn:34-43. 1991.
Muller-H. Stark-M. Adaptive generation of surfaces in volume data. The Visual Computer 9:182-199. 1993.
Newmann, U, "Parallel volume-rendering algorithm performance on mesh-connected multicomputers," (Santa Clara, CA: 1993), 97-104.
Pasko A A, Pilyugin V V, Pokrovskiy V N, "Geometric modeling in the analysis of trivariate functions", Computers and Graphics, 12(3,4):457-465, 1988.
Pate D, Resnick D, Andre M, et al. Perspective: three-dimensional imaging of the musculoskeletal system. AJR 1986; 147:545-551.
Payne-BA & Toga-AW. Surface mapping brain function on 3d models. IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications. 33-41. September 1990.
Pommert A., U. Tiede, G. Wiebecke, and K. H. Hohne. Surface shading in tomographic volume visualization: A comparative study. In First Conference on Visualization in Biomedical Computing, Proc. VBC '90, pages 19-26. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA, 1990.
Ratib-O. Visualization and manipulation of medical images. Scientific Visualization and Graphics Simulation. Thalmann-D ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 1990.
Ruprecht, D., H. Muller: Deformed Cross-Dissolves for Image Interpolation in Scientific Visualization. The Journal of Visualization and Computer Animation, 5(3):167--181, 1994.
Ruprecht, D., R. Nagel, H. Muller: Spatial Free Form Deformation with Scattered Data Interpolation Methods. Computers & Graphics (in press).
Sabella-P. A rendering algorithm for visualizing 3d scalar fields. ACM Computer Graphics 22(4):51-58. 1988.
Shinagawa-Y, Kunii-TL. Constructing a reeb graph automatically from cross sections. IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications nn:44-51. November 1991.
"Volume Visualization Algorithms and Architectures", Course Notes #11, SIGGRAPH 1990. [Volume rendering specifics]
Smets C, Van de werf F, Suetens P, Oosterlinck A. An expert system for the labeling and 3D reconstruction of the coronary arteries from two projections. Int J Cardiac Imaging 1990, 5:145-154.
Stewart-NF. Solid Modeling. Scientific Visualization and Graphics Simulation. Thalmann-D ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 1990.
Stytz-MR, Frieder-G, Frieder-O. Three dimensional medical imaging: algorithms and computer systems. ACM Computing Surveys 23(4):421-498. 1991.
Totty WG, Vannier MW. Complex musculoskeletal anatomy: analysis using three dimensional surface reconstruction. Radiology 1984; 150:173-177.
Udpa-JK, Odhner-D. Fast visualization, manipulation, and analysis of binary volumetric objects. nn:53-62. November 1991.
Upson-C & Keeler-M. V-buffer: visible volume rendering. ACM Computer Graphics 22(4):59-64. 1988.
Wallin-A. Constructing isosurfaces from CT data. IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications. nn:28-33. November 1991.
Advanced Animation and Rendering Techniques, Alan Watt, Mark Watt, Addison-Wesley 1992, ISBN 0-201-54412-1. [General decription of volume rendering, algorithms, voxels]
Weber-RE. Ray tracing voxel data via biquadratic local surface interpolation. The Visual Computer 6:8-15. 1990.
Wilhelms-J. Visualizing sampled volume data. Scientific Visualization and Graphics Simulation. Thalmann-D ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 1990.
Wilhelms-J & Van Gelder-A. A coherent projection approach for direct volume rendering. ACM Computer Graphics 25(4):275-284. 1991.
Yagel-R, Cohen-D, Kaufman-A. Normal estimation in 3d discrete space. The Visual Computer 8:278-291. 1992.
VanZandt, W, "VoxelView product information," Vital Images, Inc, 1992.

Rendering Environments

Cook, R L, L C Carpenter, and E Catmull, "The Reyes image rendering architecture," Comput. Graph. 21 (1987): 95.
Crow, F C, "A more flexible image generation environment," Comput. Graph. 19 (1982): 9.
Fujimoto-A, Tanaka-T, Iwata-K. ARTS: Accelerated ray-tracing system. IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications. nn:16-26. April 1986.
Goldwasser, S M, and R A Reynolds, "An architecture for the real- time display and manipulation of three-dimentional objects,"(1983), 269.
Goldwasser, S M, "A generalized object display processor architecture," Comput. Graph. & Appli. 4 (1984): 43.
Levinthal, A, and T Porter, "Chap -- A SIMD graphics processor," Comput. Graph. 18 (1984): 77.

CCD Cameras

Beyer, H, "Accurate calibration of CCD cameras," IEEE Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (1992): 96-101.
Healy, G, and R Kondepudy, "CCD camera calibration and noise estimation," IEEE Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (1992): 90-95.

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